The object of chess is to move your pieces to capture the opponent's
king. A pawn can only move forward, it can move 2 steps on its first
move and then one step on subsequent moves. A pawn can move one step
diagonally to capture the piece on its diagonal. When your opponent's
pawn has just moved 2 steps and lands on a side of your pawn, then you
can capture that pawn by moving your pawn diagonally to the back of that
pawn, this is called en passant. Rooks can move and capture
horizontally and vertically for any distance. Knights can move by moving
2 steps forward and then 1 step sideways. Bishops can move and capture
diagonally for any distance. Queens can move and capture in any
direction and in any distance. The king can move and capture in any
direction but only for one step. The king can also perform a move called
castling, where the king moves 2 steps towards a rook and the rook will
be moved to the side of the king on the opposite side. In order to
perform castling, the king and the rook must both have not been moved,
and that there must be no pieces between the king and the rook, also,
the king and the two empty spaces from the king to the rook must not be
under attack. When you move a piece to attack the king (i.e. the piece
can capture the king on its next move), then the opponent must make a
move so that the king is no longer under attack, failing to do so will
result in a checkmate and the opponent loses. If you moved so that the
opponent cannot make any valid move, then this is called stalemate and
the result is a draw game.

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